Basic Programming Interview Questions
Categories: PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE
Ques. What Is Computer Programming? Ans. Computer programming is how engineers tell a computer, application, or software program what to do. At the most basic level, programming is the process of writing a set of instructions. Ques. Explain How Programming Works. Ans. Once the code is written, the code is then compiled or interpreted, a process that converts source code into machine code, which is the only programming language a computer can understand. The computer then executes the code to perform the desired task. Ques. Explain the Workings of a Compiler. Ans. A compiler translates (compiles) source code written in a programming language (i.e. Java, C++, Python) into a set of machine-language instructions that can be understood by a computer. Ques. Explain Debugging. Ans. Debugging is the process of detecting, correcting, and removing errors in source code. It starts with identifying a problem (i.e. finding a software defect), isolating the source of the problem in the code, and then correcting the problem or creating a workaround. Ques. What Is an Algorithm? Ans. An algorithm is a set of instructions to be followed in a problem-solving operation. Ques. Explain the Types of Errors That Are Likely To Occur While Running and Executing a Program. Ans. When the compiler finds something wrong with the program, there are three kinds of errors: 1. Syntax Error A syntax error occurs when the code does not follow the syntax rules of the programming language. These are the easiest errors to find and correct. 2. Runtime Error This is an error that takes place while running a program, causing the program to crash or hang. 3. Logic Error This is an error in the way that a program works (i.e. the program runs but not as expected). It is a type of runtime error that may produce the wrong output or cause a program to crash. Logic errors are the hardest to spot because they can be caused by a variety of factors. Ques. How Does a Syntax Error Occur? Ans. Syntax errors can occur when you misspell a statement, or you’re missing a punctuation mark. Another possibility is using a variable before it has been declared. Missing brackets (i.e. opening a bracket but not closing it) is another common cause. Ques. How Does a Runtime Error Occur? Ans. Coding: Runtime errors can occur for a variety of reasons, such as a memory leak (when a program consumes too much RAM without releasing it), programming errors, an incomplete installation, or a corrupt registry. Ques. How Does a Logical Error Occur? Ans. Various programming mistakes can cause logic errors. Examples include: assigning a value to the wrong variable, incorrectly using logical operators or Boolean operators, using incorrect program design, or multiplying two numbers instead of adding them together. Ques. What Do You Mean by a Flowchart? Ans. A flowchart is a diagram that depicts a process, system, workflow, or computer algorithm. Essentially, they represent a step-by-step approach to solving a problem. Ques. What Does It Mean To “Maintain and Update the Program?” Ans. Software maintenance is the process of modifying and updating software that has already been published. This is done to correct faults, improve performance, and keep the program secure from cyber attacks Ques. Define the Term “Variables.” Ans. Variables are like containers where information can be maintained and referenced. Each variable is labeled with a symbolic name that tells you what information it contains. The sole purpose of variables is to label and store data in memory.